Lightning activity over South/Southeast Asia: Modulation by thermodynamics of lower atmosphere

Based on the large exchange of heat fluxes Earth's surface in tropics, we propose that lightning flash rate (LFR) is proportional to a product Bowen ratio and sum precipitation evaporation rates. The proposed relationship justified basis conversion kinetic energy charging hydrometeors discharges. However, varies depending season. This explains 90% variance monthly-averaged time series total LFR over our study area 0° N-40° N 60° E-120° E including south/southeast Asia some part southern China. efficiency maximum pre-monsoon season minimum winter flux best accounts for seasonal variation LFR.